Gender System in Nepali Grammar - लिङ्ग
लिङ्ग - Gender
Classifying Nouns by Biological and Grammatical Sex
परिभाषा (Definition)
नेपाली: शब्दको जुन रूपले भाले (पुरुष), पोथी (स्त्री) वा दुवै नभएको निर्जीव वस्तु बुझाउँछ, त्यसलाई लिङ्ग भनिन्छ।
English: Gender is the classification of nouns and pronouns that indicates whether they refer to a male, a female, or a non-living/neuter object.
१. पुलिङ्ग (Masculine Gender)
परिभाषा: भाले जाति वा पुरुष वर्गलाई बुझाउने शब्दलाई पुलिङ्ग भनिन्छ।
Definition: A word used to identify the male species or those belonging to the male category.
उदाहरणहरू (Examples):
- केटा (Boy) - केटा चौरमा खेल्दैछ। (The boy is playing in the field.)
- बाबु (Father) - मेरो बाबु अफिस जानुहुन्छ। (My father goes to the office.)
२. स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine Gender)
परिभाषा: पोथी जाति वा स्त्री वर्गलाई बुझाउने शब्दलाई स्त्रीलिङ्ग भनिन्छ।
Definition: A word used to identify the female species or those belonging to the female category.
उदाहरणहरू (Examples):
- केटी (Girl) - केटी मीठो गीत गाउँछे। (The girl sings a sweet song.)
- आमा (Mother) - आमाले खाना पकाउनुभयो। (Mother cooked food.)
३. नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter Gender)
परिभाषा: चल्न-फिर्न नसक्ने निर्जीव वस्तु वा लिङ्ग नछुट्टिने शब्दलाई बुझाउने।
Definition: Words that refer to non-living objects or things that do not have a distinct biological sex.
उदाहरणहरू (Examples):
- किताब (Book) - यो किताब नयाँ छ। (This book is new.)
- घर (House) - हाम्रो घर ठूलो छ। (Our house is big.)
Note: Essential Concept Difference
In English, the verb usually stays the same regardless of the subject's gender (e.g., "The boy eats," "The girl eats").
In Nepali, the verb ending must change to match the gender of the subject:
• The boy eats = केटा खान्छ (Keta Khancha)
• The girl eats = केटी खान्छे (Keti Khanche)
For Neuter Gender (non-living things), Nepali grammar usually treats them as Masculine in verb conjugations.
भाले र पोथी जाति छुट्याउन सिक्नुहोस्! (Learn to distinguish between male and female categories!)